As ##4, 5, and 6 said, it is not unclear to the reader or to the husband where the ringing sound is coming from: "es klingelt" is shorthand for "es klingelt an der Tür. The communication problem is not that they or we don't know what rang, but rather the following:
The couple are watching TV. Suddenly the doorbell rings. The husband says "the doorbell rang" (or words to that effect), but what he implies is of course "dear wife, please get up and go and have a look who that might be at our door". The wife either does not know that this is what he actually means with his statement, or maybe she does know but chooses to ignore it, and remains seated with her eyes glued to the screen.
So the husband is now unhappy because he thinks he made it quite clear what he wanted his wife to do. If he had actually asked her to get up and go to the door, the communication would have had the desired effect (or at least she would have had to reply).